Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Çoruh S. (Yürütücü)
Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, BAP Araştırma Projesi, 2022 - 2023
Industrial wastewater has high concentrations of heavy metals
and dyes that can cause severe environmental and human health problems. The
most common method of removing these contaminants is adsorption. However, the
most significant disadvantage of the adsorbents used in the adsorption process
is that they are expensive and require frequent regeneration. This study it is
aimed to produce effective and economical adsorbent materials from
agricultural and industrial wastes and to investigate their usage possibilities.
For this purpose, walnut shells, rose pulp remaining from rose oil production,
and oak shavings formed during furniture production were selected as biomass.
Iron loading was applied to the biomass to add magnetic additives. Biochar
forms with and without magnetic additives were produced by subjecting the
biomass to pyrolysis at 600°C. Proximate, elemental, BET, SEM, EDS mapping,
TGA, FTIR, zeta potential, and VSM structural analyses were performed on the
adsorbents. Copper and zinc were studied as heavy metals, malachite green and
congo red were removed as dyestuffs. Optimum adsorption conditions were
determined by performing adsorption experiments at different adsorbent doses,
initial pollutant concentrations, pH, contact time, and temperature values. To
explain the adsorption mechanism, adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and
thermodynamics have been studied. Finally, desorption studies were carried out
to determine the regeneration potentials of the adsorbents. As a result, the
highest removal efficiencies were obtained 90% with biochar walnut in copper
removal, 76% with natural oak sawdust in zinc removal, 98.7% with biochar rose
in malachite green removal, and 89.7% with natural oak sawdust in congo red
removal. In general, adsorption capacity and removal efficiency increased in
biochar forms compared to natural ones. In terms of ease of separation, it was
deemed appropriate to use magnetically added biochar forms for dye removal.
The adsorption mechanism mostly follows the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second
order kinetic model. According to the results of adsorption thermodynamics,
the adsorption solid-liquid interfaces are irregular, occur spontaneously
without the need for external energy, and are endothermic. According to the
desorption results, all adsorbents have high regeneration potentials,
especially in dyestuff removal. It can be said that the natural products used
are suitable for use as adsorbent in the removal of heavy metals and
dyestuffs, since they are in waste form, easily accessible, economical and
effective.