Metabolomics of endemic six Astragalus species by combined NMR and GC-MS analysis

Sahin Yaglioglu A., Temirturk M., Ugur E., Dolarslan M., Demirtas İ.

Phytochemical Analysis, vol.31, no.3, pp.306-313, 2020 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 31 Issue: 3
  • Publication Date: 2020
  • Doi Number: 10.1002/pca.2896
  • Journal Name: Phytochemical Analysis
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Analytical Abstracts, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Veterinary Science Database
  • Page Numbers: pp.306-313
  • Keywords: Astragalus subsp, biomarker, d-pinitol, endemic, metabolomics
  • Ondokuz Mayıs University Affiliated: No

Abstract

Introduction: Astragalus anthylloides, A. dipsaceus, A. karamasicus, A. lycius, A. sigmoideus and A. xylobasis var. angustus are an endemic and generally grow in the Irano-Turanian phytogeographic region of Turkey. Astragalus species contain saponins, polysaccharides, and phenolics, while the toxic compounds include imidazoline alkaloids, nitro toxins, and selenium derivatives. Objectives: To apply a combined metabolomic fingerprinting approach by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of endemic six Astragalus species extract. Methodology: The whole plant collected in Turkey of six endemic Astragalus subsp. were dried and then extracted with hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol and methanol solvents, respectively. The hexane extracts were analyzed by GC-MS. Carbon-13 (13C)-NMR analyzes of all extracts were performed. In both analyses, a biomarker was obtained. Results: The hexane extracts were determined as palmitic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, and linolenic acid as the main components. As a result of 13C-NMR analyzes, in hexane, chloroform, and ethylacetate the extracts detected were palmitic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, and linolenic acid. d-Pinitol was obtained using 13C-NMR analyzes with n-butanol and methanol extracts. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that d-pinitol is a biomarker for the endemic six Astragalus subsp.