A variable-order fractional mathematical model for the strategy to combat the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide


Kumar P., Ertürk V. S.

MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENT, cilt.10, sa.3, ss.3529-3545, 2024 (ESCI) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 10 Sayı: 3
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s40808-024-01962-z
  • Dergi Adı: MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENT
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Geobase
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.3529-3545
  • Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this article, we define a nonlinear model for exploring the strategy of combating the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide (CO2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$_2$$\end{document}) considering development activities in terms of variable-order Liouville-Caputo fractional derivatives. There are two types of variable-order Liouville-Caputo fractional derivatives used to derive the proposed model. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution for the given model using fixed-point theory. The numerical solution is derived by using a recently proposed predictor-corrector scheme. We perform several graphical simulations to describe the outcomes of the given model. The outputs performed at various fractional-order values provide novel findings to understand how to combat atmospheric CO2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$_2$$\end{document}. A novel variable-order fractional model that captures memory effects in the proposed dynamics, along with a recent numerical methodology, are the key features of this study. The simulation analysis shows that the leafy tree plantation on the excess land will be efficient against atmospheric CO2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$_2$$\end{document}.