Optimization of Sub-threshold Bandgap Reference Circuit with Immune Plasma Algorithm

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Alhajhamad B. A. Y., Yıldız D., Şahin D. Ö., Demirci S., Aslan S.

2026 34th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), İstanbul, Türkiye, 7 - 10 Temmuz 2026, ss.1-4, (Tam Metin Bildiri)

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1109/siu71813.2026.11636766
  • Basıldığı Şehir: İstanbul
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-4
  • Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this study, the Immune Plasma Algorithm (IPA) is applied to optimize the subthreshold bandgap reference (SBGR) circuit used in low-power analog IC design. The SBGR problem involves multiple analog design constraints, including voltage stability, temperature coefficient, loop gain, phase margin, gain margin, and power consumption, forming a challenging high-dimensional constrained optimization problem.IPA is evaluated across three scenarios—Base, Hard, and High-Dimensional—over 30 independent runs and compared with the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and the Firefly Algorithm (FA). Results show that IPA achieves feasibility rates of 96.7%, 63.3%, and 93.3% in the Base, Hard, and High-Dimensional scenarios, respectively, outperforming GWO (40%, 13.3%, 10%) and FA (53.3%, 23.3%, 13.3%). IPA also provides a higher mean fitness and a stable PSRR around 106.5 dB, confirming its effectiveness.