Fractalkine and CX3CR1 Levels in Gingivitis and Stage 3 Periodontitis Patients Following Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Prospective Clinical Study
Journal of Clinical Medicine, cilt.15, sa.13, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 15 Sayı: 13
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.3390/jcm15134922
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: CX3CL1, CX3CR1, fractalkine, gingival crevicular fluid, gingivitis, periodontal treatment, periodontitis
- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of fractalkine/CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Methods: A total of 90 individuals comprising 30 with stage 3 periodontitis, 30 with gingivitis, and 30 periodontally healthy, were enrolled in the study. Gingivitis and periodontitis patients underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment. GCF samples were collected at baseline and at 1 and 3 months after treatment. CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were measured by an ELISA analysis. Results: GCF CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were significantly elevated in patients with periodontitis and gingivitis compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). The periodontitis patients also showed higher GCF levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 than those with gingivitis (p < 0.001). Significant decreases in GCF CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were detected at 1 month after periodontal treatment compared to baseline values in both the gingivitis and periodontitis patients (p < 0.001). Moreover, the periodontitis patients exhibited significant decreases in both CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 levels at 3 months post-treatment compared to 1 month (p < 0.001), whereas no significant changes were observed between the two time points in the gingivitis patients (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the CX3CL1–CX3CR1 axis might contribute to the inflammatory processes of periodontal diseases and may represent a treatment-responsive component of the local host response.