Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES, cilt.225, ss.110756, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Today, high-performance electronic systems such as batteries, CPUs, and power electronic components generate
large amounts of heat while operating. Micro-grooved heat sinks can play an important role in the cooling of
these systems and provide compact, lightweight, and energy-efficient solutions that enable maximum heat
transfer in a small volume. However, the existence of the grooves can cause an increase in the pressure losses
and, hence, higher pumping power. In this context, it is essential to optimize the micro-grooved heat sink in
terms of heat transfer and pressure loss. In this study, a liquid-cooled micro-grooved heat sink was thermally and
hydrodynamically optimized simultaneously based on five factors, namely, angle with flow direction, groove
type, groove width, groove depth, and distance between grooves. For this purpose, an L32 orthogonal array was
created and modeled by Fluent, a CFD program. Optimal geometry was revealed by Grey Relational Analysis, an
ANOVA approach, and manufactured by the micromachining method. It was determined that the angle with flow
direction, groove width, and depth factors were statistically significant, with contribution percentages of
28.23%, 26.26%, and 34.31%, respectively. As a result, 0◦ flow direction angle, trapezoidal groove type, 500 μm
groove width, 200 μm groove depth, and 200 μm distance between grooves were determined as optimal design
parameters. Thermo-hydraulic efficiency, defined as the balance between heat transfer enhancement and hy-draulic cost, was evaluated through the performance evaluation criterion (PEC), showing that the optimal microgrooved surface yields nearly a 40% improvement.