Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
VITAMINS and MINERALS in POULTRY, Ergin Öztürk, Editör, Iksad Publications, Ankara, ss.169-242, 2024
Nutraceuticals are dietary constituents that hold both nutritional and pharmaceutical significance, contributing to disease prevention, increased productivity, immunomodulation, and health improvement Dhama et al., 2015; Aronson, 2017; Helal et al., 2019; Waheed Janabi et al., 2020). These encompass a wide range of nutrients and non-nutrients such as minerals, vitamins, enzymes. amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, pigments, medicinal herbs, herbal extracts, flavoring agents and antioxidants (Narahari, 2014; Alagawany et al., 2018a; Elgeddawy et al., 2020). Minerals, an essential category of nutrients, are pivotal for various biochemical and physiological functions, facilitating optimal growth, production, and reproduction in animals (Park et al., 2004). They play crucial roles in metabolism, acting as enzyme cofactors and regulating free radicals within the body (Goff, 2018). Integral to our diet, minerals support bone formation, muscle and nerve function, acid-base balance, and osmotic homeostasis (sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl)) (Kim et al., 2013; Ravindran, 2010). Additionally, they are constituents of hormones, enzymes, and other biologically active compounds, contributing significantly to the immune system's functionality. Adequate mineral supply can modulate infection susceptibility and influence chronic disease development (Weyh et al., 2022). The bioavailability of minerals in feeds is generally low, necessitating substantial supplementation to meet cellular requirements (Ghosh et al., 2016; Suttle, 2010). Ensuring comprehensive mineral nutrition is crucial for broiler chicken health, particularly for maintaining skeletal integrity (Kleyn & Ciacciariello, 2021). Unlike inorganic minerals, organic minerals are required in smaller quantities in poultry diets and are more effectively assimilated (Nollet et al., 2007; Ravindran, 2010). Similarly, compared to coarse minerals, mineral nanoparticles have higher accumulation capacities in the animal tissues, and are generally absorbed more efficiently from the gut system, and exhibit pronounced biological effects in the target. These nanoparticles are effectively taken up through the gastrointestinal system and subsequently transported via the bloodstream to essential organs. They possess low toxicity and exceptional bioavailability, which contributes to improved growth performance and nutritional value (Ahmad et al., 2022)