Increased levels of interleukin-32 isoforms alpha, beta, gamma, and delta in the gingival crevicular fluid and plasma of the patients with periodontitis
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, vol.56, no.1, pp.83-92, 2021 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 56 Issue: 1
- Publication Date: 2021
- Doi Number: 10.1111/jre.12796
- Journal Name: JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Veterinary Science Database
- Page Numbers: pp.83-92
- Keywords: gingival crevicular fluid, IL-32 isoforms, interleukin-32, periodontitis, plasma, PERI-IMPLANT DISEASES, CLASSIFICATION, EXPRESSION
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Background and Objective Interleukin (IL)-32, which has been recently reported to be associated with periodontitis, has been suggested to have pleiotropic effect due to its 9 different isoforms. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of IL-32 alpha, IL-32 beta, IL-32 gamma, IL-32 delta isoforms in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis (P). Materials and Methods Twenty-seven P and 27 periodontally healthy controls (C) were recruited in this study. Non-surgical periodontal treatment was performed to periodontitis patients. GCF and plasma sampling and clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated before and 1 month after treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the levels of IL-32 alpha, IL-32 beta, IL-32 gamma, IL-32 delta isoforms in GCF and plasma samples. Results The levels of IL-32 alpha, IL-32 beta, IL-32 gamma, and IL-32 delta in plasma and GCF were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis than healthy controls (P < .001). In P group, plasma and GCF IL-32 alpha, IL-32 beta, IL-32 gamma, and IL-32 delta levels after non-surgical periodontal treatment were lower when compared to baseline (P < .001). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between GCF and plasma IL-32 alpha, IL-32 beta, IL-32 gamma, and IL-32 delta levels in all groups at baseline and after treatment (P < .05). Conclusion The study supported that there was a relationship between elevated levels of IL-32 isoforms and periodontitis. Also, our novel findings suggest that the pro-inflammatory role of IL-32 in the periodontitis may be originated from IL-32 alpha, IL-32 beta, IL-32 gamma, and IL-32 delta isoforms.