CRISPR/Cas Design, DNA Repair Pathways, and Mutation Analysis
CRISPR-Cas9 as a Revolutionary Gene Editing Tool: Genome Engineering, Advances and Applications in Agriculture, CRC Press, ss.56-85, 2026
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1201/9781003518204-4
- Yayınevi: CRC Press
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.56-85
- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
CRISPR/Cas9 technology has revolutionized genome editing by providing a highly precise, efficient, and versatile tool for targeted genetic modifications. This system employs a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) to direct the Cas9 nuclease to specific DNA sites, enabling gene alterations through repair mechanisms like NHEJ or HDR. CRISPR/Cas9 has significantly advanced various fields, particularly in medicine, nanotechnology, and agriculture. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including unintended edits, ethical concerns, and delivery limitations. Innovations like base editors, prime editors, and refined delivery strategies are addressing these issues, ensuring broader and safer applications. This chapter examines the DNA repair pathways central to CRISPR’s functionality, highlighting the interplay between NHEJ and HDR in determining editing outcomes. It also reviews mutation detection methods, from PCR-based techniques to advanced sequencing approaches, which enhance the precision of genome editing studies. Ethical and regulatory considerations are discussed, emphasizing the need for transparent policies and public awareness. Future directions include leveraging alternative DNA repair mechanisms, enhancing precision through AI-driven predictive tools, and integrating novel delivery systems. These advancements promise to expand the scope of CRISPR/Cas9, offering innovative solutions to global challenges in healthcare, agriculture, and biotechnology.