Phytochemical and Bioactivity Insights Into <i>Glaucosciadium cordifolium</i> (Apiaceae): Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential, and GC-MS, FTIR and Docking-Based Enzyme Inhibition
CHEMISTRYSELECT, vol.11, no.21, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 11 Issue: 21
- Publication Date: 2026
- Doi Number: 10.1002/slct.73524
- Journal Name: CHEMISTRYSELECT
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO)
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Glaucosciadium cordifolium (Apiaceae) is an Anatolian aromatic traditionally used as a remedy. This study compared extraction yields, chemical profiles, bioactivities, and in-silico pharmacology across organs and solvents. Aqueous extraction was most efficient for flowering aerial parts and roots, whereas methanol favored fruits. Hydrodistillation yielded 0.2% essential oil rich in alpha-pinene (27.3%) and limonene (27.6%); GC-MS identified 51 constituents. FTIR confirmed phenolic, carbohydrate, and lipid functionalities in the extracts. Biologically, the essential oil showed the strongest alpha-amylase inhibition, while root extracts showed weak to moderate cholinesterase inhibition. Methanolic fruit and root extracts exhibited the highest ABTS center dot+ scavenging. Docking analysis suggested potential interactions of germacrene D, beta-caryophyllene, and carvacrol as key ligands interacting with catalytic residues. ADME/Tox predictions indicated carvacrol and terpinen-4-ol as more orally bioavailable and safer, whereas germacrene D and beta-caryophyllene showed lower solubility and higher risk. Overall, G. cordifolium displays moderate antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, and antioxidant potential.