ACTA MEDICA MEDITERRANEA, cilt.30, sa.5, ss.1067-1073, 2014 (SCI-Expanded)
Aim: Pre-emptive analgesia, has been popularised by demonstration of its important decremental effects on the severity and duration of pain. Our aim was to evaluate the pre-emptive analgesic efficacies of St. Johns Wort (SJW), Panax ginseng (GNS), and tramadol (TRM) by constructing a surgical pain model in rats.